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Total bilirubin
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you only pay once per orderTotal bilirubin refers to the combined measurement of both direct bilirubin and indirect bilirubin in the blood. Bilirubin is a yellow pigment produced when red blood cells break down. Indirect bilirubin is the form of bilirubin that has not yet been processed by the liver. It travels through the bloodstream to the liver, where it is converted into direct bilirubin. It can help assess the liver or gallbladder conditions.
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Total bilirubin
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About this test
Total bilirubin refers to the combined measurement of both direct bilirubin and indirect bilirubin in the blood. Bilirubin is a yellow pigment produced when red blood cells break down. Indirect bilirubin is the form of bilirubin that has not yet been processed by the liver. It travels through the bloodstream to the liver, where it is converted into direct bilirubin. It can help assess the liver or gallbladder conditions.
It is part of the tests - Liver and fat metabolism test (2in1), Cardiovascular Test, Liver function test, Liver, kidney and urinary examination (3in1) and Sports Performance.
Notice
Laboratory test results must always be interpreted in the context of the patient’s medical history, clinical condition, and the results of other laboratory and diagnostic tests. Deviations from normal values are not sufficient on their own to establish a diagnosis, and values within the normal range do not always mean that a disease is absent. It is advisable to consult a doctor about the results.
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Testing procedure
How takes place Total bilirubin
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What interests you about the Total bilirubin test?
What does elevated bilirubin in the blood mean?
Physiologically, most of the bilirubin in the blood is so-called indirect bilirubin, a small part is so-called direct bilirubin, which is produced in the liver. The level of bilirubin can be increased for various reasons. Increased breakdown of red blood cells, e.g. in some anemias, is associated with an increase in indirect bilirubin in the blood. Both forms of bilirubin are increased in liver disease with impaired liver cell function. Direct bilirubin entering the blood causes yellow discoloration of the skin and mucous membranes or jaundice (icterus). In the case of obstruction of the bile ducts, e.g. in gallstones and tumors, mainly direct bilirubin is significantly increased, but indirect bilirubin is also increased.[5]
What should be the value of bilirubin in the blood?
Under physiological circumstances, bilirubin is present in the blood in a certain amount. Experts determine normal values as follows: the norm of direct (conjugated) bilirubin is less than 5.1 µmol/l and total bilirubin is 20.5 µmol/l and less [6]. In practice, total and conjugated bilirubin are determined, unconjugated is calculated by their difference. The reference range of individual laboratories may differ from the values indicated, and the data in the literature are also slightly variable.
How to reduce bilirubin levels?
If the measured bilirubin level in the blood is higher than the normal range, you should see a doctor. Based on further clinical data and examinations, the doctor will determine what to do to bring the levels back into the normal range. The severity of the so-called hyperbilirubinemia depends on its cause.
What is the function of bilirubin?
Bilirubin is produced by the degradation of a component of the red blood pigment (hemoglobin) from aged red blood cells. It produces water-insoluble bilirubin, which is converted in the liver to water-soluble bilirubin, the so-called conjugated bilirubin, which is excreted in the bile. It then enters the small intestine with the bile and is converted into substances that are excreted in the stool and contribute to its color [7]. Recent studies suggest that it may also have antioxidant properties and help protect against cardiovascular disease.[8]
What is total bilirubin?
Bilirubin is found in the body in unconjugated (water-insoluble) and conjugated forms, which are formed from the unconjugated form in the liver and are water-soluble. In the blood, bilirubin is physiologically found in unconjugated (to a greater extent) and conjugated forms (to a lesser extent), and together they give the value of total bilirubin. In laboratories, the value of total and conjugated bilirubin is determined, and unconjugated bilirubin is added.
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Sources
[5]Joseph A, Samant H. Jaundice. (2023). StatPearls. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls. Dostupné online na: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK544252/. [cit. 14-11-2024].
[6]Bilirubin blood test. (2020). (n.d.-b). Mount Sinai Health System. Dostupné online na: https://www.mountsinai.org/health-library/tests/bilirubin-blood-test. [cit. 14-11-2024].
[7]Joseph A, Samant H. Jaundice. (2023). StatPearls. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing. Dostupné online na: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK544252/. [cit. 14-11-2024].
[8]Adin C.A. Bilirubin as a Therapeutic Molecule: Challenges and Opportunities. (2021). Antioxidants (Basel). 28;10(10):1536. Dostupné online na: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/354919339_Bilirubin_as_a_Therapeutic_Molecule_Challenges_and_Opportunities. [cit. 14-11-2024].